Where each one actually wins, three tasks that push what is genuinely new in them, and the operating instructions that fix their default behavior.
Anthropic shipped Claude Fable 5.1 on September 1 and OpenAI shipped GPT-6 Astra on September 3. Same headline price, both around a million tokens of context. What separates them is the kind of work you hand them.
| Claude Fable 5.1 | GPT-6 Astra | |
|---|---|---|
| Price / 1M | $10 in / $50 out | $10 in / $50 out |
| Context / output | 1M / 128K | 1.05M / 128K |
| The dial | Five effort levels from low up to max, defaulting to high | Fast mode: 2.5x the speed at 2x the price |
| Where you use it | Claude apps, Claude Code, API as claude-fable-5-1 | ChatGPT Plus and up, Codex, API as gpt-6-astra |
Astra is a staged rollout, so it may not be in your account yet. Its rate rises to $20 / $75 on requests above 272K input tokens.
| Send it to Astra when | Send it to Fable 5.1 when |
|---|---|
| Something has to be done on a screen. Filling forms, updating records in a tool, clicking through software. It scores 72.6% on OSWorld 2.0 and finishes those tasks in roughly half the time its predecessor took. | You need a finished document, spreadsheet or deck built from a blank page, with live formulas and real slides rather than an outline. |
| The work is math or precise calculation. It scores 97.6% on FrontierMath Tier 4 against 87.8%. | The question is genuinely hard reasoning. It leads on Humanity's Last Exam with tools, 65% against 57.2%. |
| You are in a long coding session and want it keeping searchable notes across context windows instead of compressing everything into one summary. | The job is multi-step research that has to follow up on what it finds, or reading dense charts and tables inside PDFs. |
Agentic coding is close enough to be a coin flip: 57.7% against 55.8% on Terminal-Bench 4.0. Run your own repo through both.
A question is not a test. Give it a real project with every file attached at once, actual constraints, and a decision waiting at the end. A thousand customer reviews, find the five biggest problems, then build the Black Friday positioning off what you found.
Both models now hold roughly a million tokens, so the thing worth testing is whether it connects a detail in one file to a number in another. The prompt below asks for that connection explicitly, and for the finished artifact rather than a description of one.
Pick the thing you do every week that you resent. This is the test worth more than the other two combined, because you keep the output. A good answer here is a file you save and run again next Monday.
It also sorts the steps by what capability each actually needs, including which ones require driving software directly. That distinction is the difference between an agent that drafts and one that does.
Before you connect it to anything live, read how to safely give an agent access. Scope the permissions first.
Take a problem that is half baked or stuck and run it through both with identical context. Same prompt, same files, or the comparison means nothing. Then stop grading it yourself and paste both answers into a third chat, which strips out the halo whichever one you read first tends to get.
These models ship with default behaviors that quietly cost you quality. At low effort Fable 5.1 answers from memory instead of searching, which is how a confident, out-of-date answer reaches you. It writes denser prose and less structure than earlier versions. It reproduces source wording without marking it as a quotation. It rewrites whole files to change three lines. And it stops to ask permission for work you already asked for.
Every rule below fixes one of those, and each is drawn from the model makers' own documentation. Paste it once into a Project or a custom GPT and it applies to everything you run there.
How to use these. Copy each prompt into Claude and ChatGPT, fill in the brackets with one real project, and run the same filled-in version in both. Save the operating instructions as a Claude Skill or drop all four into a Project called Model Testing, so the next launch takes ten minutes instead of an afternoon.
I run both from inside VS Code so I can switch between them in one window. For the rest of the lineup, my model cheat sheet covers which one to reach for by task.